15. Genes and the Genetic Basis of Metabolism and Development

Concepts
Storing Genetic Information

• Protecting the Genes
• The Genetic Code
• The Structure of Genes
• Transcription of Genes

Protein Synthesis

• Ribosomes
• tRNA
• mRNA Translation
  • Initiation of Translation
  • Elongation of the Protein Chain
  • Termination of Translation

Control of Protein Levels
Analysis of Genes and Recombinant DNA Techniques

• Nucleic Acid Hybridization
• Restriction Endonucleases
• Identifying DNA Fragments
  • Evolutionary Studies
  • Physiological Studies
• DNA Cloning
  • The Polymerase Chain Reaction
• DNA Sequencing

Genetic Engineering of Plants Viruses
Viruses

• Virus Structure
• Virus Metabolism
• Formation of New Virus Particles
• Origin of Viruses
• Plant Diseases Caused by Viruses

Plants and People: Genetic Engineering-Benefits and Risks